Author: R. Alan Harrop, Ph.D.
This is the latest article of a series on issues critical to the survival of our nation as we have known it as we celebrate America’s 250th Anniversary. The topic of public safety is of concern to all Americans and especially to me, since I spent my career as a psychologist in the North Carolina Department of Correction. One of the requirements of correctional psychologists is to assist in determining which inmates are reasonable risks for release back into society and which should stay in prison. This article summarizes some of the essential facts that effect crime and that decision process.
Like many essential things in our country’s history, it is important to look back and see what has worked and what hasn’t. As most people realize, the crime in Democrat run cities and states exceeds that in most more conservatively run places. Let’s examine why. First, it is important to realize that a very high percentage of crimes are committed by a very small percentage of the population. For example, about 1% of the population commits about 65% of all crimes. Violent crimes are committed by 3% to 5% of the population. Second, 3% to 5% of specific neighborhoods account for over 50% of all crimes of violence. Clearly places you want to avoid if you can. Third, offenders commit many more crimes than those for which they are arrested. Active criminals commit an average of 9 to 17 offenses per year when free in society. Very rarely is a criminal arrested the first time he commits a crime. Think of it as a profession or career, because that’s what it is to the typical criminal. Going to prison is seen by most criminals as a price they have to pay occasionally so they can return to their profession. Fourth, criminal continuity is very common, with most delinquent criminals going on to become adult criminals, while non-delinquent juveniles remain noncriminal all of their lives. Fifth, most criminals when released from prison go on to commit more crimes. For example, 68% of released prisoners are rearrested within 3 years of release, and 82% within 5 years of release. Not very encouraging. You may recall that Governor Cooper released 3500 prisoners before their sentences were completed ostensibly due to the COVID virus. Based on the data above showing an average of 9 to 17 offenses committed each year, the Governor’s ill- advised release accounted for approximately 31,000 to 60,000 crimes. So much for concern about public safety Governor! Sixth, criminals are most likely to commit crimes at the highest rate in early adulthood; and Seventh, the individuals committing the most crimes are those who are members of criminal gangs.
OK, so what do we do about it? It would be great if we could ensure that all children are raised by two parents who instill a conscience that respects right from wrong, and good from evil. Obviously, this is not happening to those who become criminals. Since we cannot control conscience development, the best option is swift arrest, conviction and incarceration. Incarceration not to rehabilitate, which is rare, but rather to remove from society as long as the law allows. The idea of not prosecuting (like in California), suspended sentences and early parole are all threats to public safety. Sentences should increase as the criminal shows a pattern of continued criminal activity. Remember, for every arrest that results in a sentence, the criminal is committing many more that go undetected. It should also be remembered that the dichotomy of property versus violent offenders is not supported by the facts. Many property offenders also commit many acts of personal violence since both types of crime reflect the lack of a moral conscience and no sense of empathy for others.
Instead of reducing sentences, we should go back to the 1980s where sentences were longer and more certain. Incarceration during the young adult ages of criminals has the greatest impact on improving public safety. So, the next time you hear a district attorney, judge or politician talk about reducing what they consider the high incarceration rate in this country, you will know what to do and how to vote. The safety of the citizens should take precedence over sympathy for the criminal.
